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Resources

Parent Involvement


Current education policies and practices reflect widespread support for active parent engagement in their children's education. Research verifies that parent involvement has a significant positive effect on student outcomes, including achievement, graduation rate, and postsecondary success. The Appalachia Regional Comprehensive Center helps states increase their capacity to understand the challenges and overcome the obstacles associated with improving parent involvement. This toolkit includes multiple resources developed by states and other organizations to create and support strong school-parent relationships.
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District Audit Tool: A Method for Determining Level of Need for Support to Improvement (2006)
URL: HTTP://WWW.CCSSO.ORG/DOCUMENTS/2006/DISTRICT_AUDIT_TOOL_2006.PDF
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: School/District improvement, Parent involvement, Assessment
Provider: Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO)
Abstract: The Council of Chief State School Officers' Comprehensive Assessment System for ESEA Title I (CAS) State Collaborative on Assessment and Student Standards (SCASS), in partnership with Edvantia (formerly AEL), has completed a 3-year project to help states prioritize their delivery of support to districts and schools that fail to meet adequate yearly progress (AYP) targets. The District Audit Tool: A Method for Determining Level of Need for Support to Improvement includes methods for states to diagnose district functioning in research-based dimensions that correlate to positive student achievement gains on standards-based assessments. The tool includes both a metric calculator that analyzes data for distance of each subgroup and the group overall from the AYP targets, and a set of scoring rubrics that evaluate the district's or school's status against these research-based dimensions. Using this diagnostic data, states can determine which districts require the highest levels of support, identify what areas require support, and provide an objective method for allocating scarce resources.
Claims of Effectiveness: No claims of effectiveness are included in this document.
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Role of Parent Involvement in No Child Left Behind
URL: HTTP://WWW.EDVANTIA.ORG/PUBLICATIONS/ARCCWEBCAST/MARCH06/INDEX.HTML
Format: URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Appalachia Regional Comprehensive Center (ARCC)
Abstract: This webcast sets the stage for SEAs to develop specific plans for addressing NCLB parent involvement requirements. National and Grass Roots experts speak to this important topic and respond to state concerns. Anne Henderson, Sharon Darling, Jane Grinde, and Aurelio Montemayor are featured.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Informed by expert practitioner experience, and a review of policy, literature, and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
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Policy Brief
Parental Involvement in Education
URL: HTTP://WWW.ECS.ORG/CLEARINGHOUSE/59/11/5911.HTM
Format: Print, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Education Commission of the States
Abstract: A summary of policies on parent involvement in education enacted by each of the 50 states.
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Professional Association
Center on Innovation and Improvement (CII)
URL: HTTP://WWW.CENTERII.ORG/
Format: URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement, School/District improvement
Provider: Center on Innovation and Improvement (CII)
Abstract: CII helps regional centers in their work with states to provide districts, schools, and families with the opportunity, information, and skills to make wise decisions on behalf of schools. Research, reports, tools, and state policies on district and school improvement are available.
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Claims of Effectiveness: Informational in nature; however, links from this Web site point to research-based (all levels of research) documents.
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Research
A New Wave of Evidence Key Findings
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/CONNECTIONS/RESEARCH-SYNTHESES.HTML
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: This short handout lists the eight key findings from A New Wave of Evidence: The Impact of School, Family and Community Connections on Student Achievement. It cites specific studies supporting each key finding, and provides a full reference list for those studies.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Based on a review of literature, theory, practice, and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
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A New Wave of Evidence: The Impact of School, Family, and Community Connections on Student Achievement
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/CONNECTIONS/RESEARCH-SYNTHESES.HTML
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: This review of the research examines the growing evidence that family and community connections with schools make a difference in student success. It is a synthesis of 51 studies about the impact of family and community involvement on student achievement, and effective strategies to connect schools, families and community. This publication is the second in the series of annual research syntheses by SEDL's National Center for Family & Community Connections with Schools, and the fourth in the series of Evidence publications authored or co-authored by Anne T. Henderson.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Based on a review of literature, theory, practice, and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
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Beyond Islands of Excellence: What Districts Can Do to Improve Instruction and Achievement in All Schools
URL: HTTP://WWW.LEARNINGFIRST.ORG/PUBLICATIONS/DISTRICTS/
Format: Print, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement, School/District improvement
Provider: Learning First Alliance
Abstract: The report outlines lessons from five high-poverty districts that have records of increasing student achievement. The report identifies a set of practical steps that schools and districts can take to move beyond a few excellent schools to success across entire systems.
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Rating:
Claims of Effectiveness: Researchers at Learning First Alliance examined instruction at five high-poverty districts showing improvement in student achievement. Researchers spent several days at each district and conducted more than 200 individual interviews, 15 school visits, and 60 focus groups. Research shows that the five districts had a similar set of strategies to improve instruction. The authors offer seven strategies that are essential to school improvement.
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Characteristics of Improved School Districts: Themes from Research
URL: HTTP://WWW.K12.WA.US/RESEARCH/PUBDOCS/DISTRICTIMPROVEMENTREPORT.PDF
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: School/District improvement, Parent involvement
Provider: Center for Comprehensive Reform and Improvement
Abstract: The authors reviewed more than 80 research articles from studies conducted within the past 15 years that investigated the attributes of school districts that have improved over time. They identified 13 themes or characteristics of improved school districts, which have been clustered into four broad categories: Effective Leadership, Quality Teaching and Learning, Support for Systemwide Improvement, and Clear and Collaborative Relationships.
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Rating:
Claims of Effectiveness: This document is based on a review of more than 80 research reports by the Research and Evaluation Office at the Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction. The analysis of the prior work identified 13 common themes. The themes should be viewed as integrated and interrelated. According to the author, they are important to district effectiveness but not sufficient in isolation. A conceptual framework was designed that illustrates the relationships among the 13 themes and four categories.
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Diversity: School, Family, and Community Connections
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/CONNECTIONS/RESEARCH-SYNTHESES.HTML
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: Third in a series of reports to help local school, community, and family leaders obtain useful research-based information about key educational issues. This synthesis focuses specifically on three categories: race or ethnicity, culture (including language), and socioeconomic status. The report also explores barriers to involvement for minority and low-income families, strategies that have been used to address those barriers, and recommendations that local educational leaders can adapt to address their specific needs. It is based on a review of over 64 studies.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Review of literature and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
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Emerging Issues in School, Family, & Community Connections
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/CONNECTIONS/RESEARCH-SYNTHESES.HTML
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: This research synthesis is the second in a series that examines key issues in the field of family and community connections with schools. It is a synthesis of 51 studies about the impact of family and community involvement on student achievement, and effective strategies to connect schools, families and community.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Review of literature and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
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Engaging Families at the Secondary Level: What Schools Can Do to Support Family Involvement
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/CONNECTIONS/RESOURCES/RB/RB3-SECONDARY.PDF
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: This Strategy brief discusses strategies for successful family involvement at the middle school and high school levels.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Based on best practice and best-available research and literature
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Gaining Traction, Gaining Ground: How Some High Schools Accelerate Learning for Struggling Students
URL: HTTP://WWW.EDTRUST.ORG/SITES/EDTRUST.CIVICACTIONS.NET/FILES/PUBLICA...
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement, School/District improvement, High school, Achievement gap
Provider: Education Trust
Abstract: This report is the result of a study of the practices of public high schools that serve high concentrations of either low-income or minority students and have a strong track record of accelerating learning for students who enter high school below grade level. The study compares and contrasts the practices of these high-impact schools with similar high schools that have only an average impact on students.
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Rating:
Claims of Effectiveness: This study examined seven public high schools. Four were "high-impact"--schools that produced unusually large growth among students who entered significantly behind--and three were average-impact schools with similar demographics that were the comparison schools. Data were collected from a review of artifacts from all schools, surveys of administrators, teachers, and students, multi-day site visits, classroom observations, and student and teacher focus groups.
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Harvard Family Research Project
URL: HTTP://WWW.HFRP.ORG/
Format: Print, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: FINE network @ Harvard Family Research Project
Abstract: Since 1983, the Harvard Family Research Project has focused on conducting research and creating research publications to improve three areas that support children’s learning and development: 1) early childhood education, 2) out-of-school time programming, and 3) family and community support in education.
Rating:
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Parenting for Academic Success
URL: HTTP://WWW.DELTA-SYSTEMS.COM/PARENTING
Format: Print, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: National Center for Family Literacy (NCFL)
Abstract: This resarch based curriculum simultaneously builds parent's English language skills as they learn strategies to support their children's language and literacy development.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: This curriculum was developed in collaboration with the Center for Applied Linguistics. Theory, best practice, and some experimental and the findings from quasiexperimental research was used in its development.
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Similar Students, Different Results: Why Do Some Schools Do Better?
URL: HTTP://WWW.EDSOURCE.ORG/PUB_SIMSTU6-06_SUMMARYREPORT.HTML
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: School/District improvement, Parent involvement, Achievement gap
Provider: EdSource Online
Abstract: Why do some California elementary schools serving largely low-income students do better on the state's academic performance index (API) than other schools with very similar students? This study surveyed principals and teachers in 257 schools and learned that socioeconomic factors are far from the sole predictor of academic performance. Analysis identified four interrelated practices associated with higher test scores and suggested implications for district and principal leadership.
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Rating:
Claims of Effectiveness: This report summarizes the findings from a two-year study conducted by EdSource, Stanford University, University of California-Berkeley, and American Institutes for Research (AIR). The researchers collected data through superintendent interviews, principal and teacher surveys, and school demographic information documents. The researchers also used multiple regression analyses. Researchers found four domains that are most highly correlated with higher Academic Performance Index (API) scores: prioritizing student achievement, implementing a coherent, standards-based instructional program, using assessment data, and ensuring availability of instructional resources.
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Tool
A New Wave of Evidence Family and Community Engagement Self-Assessment
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/CONNECTIONS/RESEARCH-SYNTHESES.HTML
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: Developed by Dr. Karen Mapp, co-author of A New Wave of Evidence and director of the Institute for Responsive Education (IRE) at Northeastern University in Boston, this simple tool can help you assess where your school or school district is in relation to the report's recommendations. It is designed to be used as a supplement to presentations or discussions about A New Wave of Evidence.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Review of literature, theory, practice, and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
Related Resources: A New Wave of Evidence Key Findings,
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Beyond the Building
URL: HTTP://WWW.SEDL.ORG/PUBS/CATALOG/ITEMS/FAM40.HTML
Format: URL, Multimedia
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Southwest Educational Development Laboratory
Abstract: This multimedia toolkit available for purchase helps educators and community organizers understand how to facilitate family and community involvement. It is linked to reviews of theory, literature, and research and provides guidance on how to use the findings research to make decisions regarding school, family, and community connections. Three-day trainer of trainers is available.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Based on a reviews of literature, theory, practice, and some experimental and quasiexperimental research.
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Culturally Responsive Parental Involvement
URL: WWW.PACER.ORG/MPC/PDF/CULTURALLYRESPONSIVEPI.PDF
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education
Abstract: This short booklet explores culturally biased beliefs many educators frequently have toward their students and their students' families. It provides a list of misconceptions educators may have about parents and parental involvement and suggests a variety of strategies educators and parents can work together to benefit students.
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Good Rural High Schools: Rubrics and Standards for High School Observation and Assessment
URL: HTTP://WWW.RURALEDU.ORG/USER_UPLOADS/FILE/GRHS_RUBRICS_FOR_OBSERV.PDF
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement, High school, Assessment, School/District improvement
Provider: The Rural School and Community Trust
Abstract: This is a rubric-based assessment system for high schools developed by the Rural School and Community Trust. Areas of assessment include curriculum and instruction, community connectedness, democratic practice, supporting structures, staffing, facilities, and leadership.
Claims of Effectiveness: No information provided on what the audit is based on, nor whether it has been field-tested.
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Handbook on Restructuring and Substantial School Improvement
URL: HTTP://WWW.CENTERII.ORG/SURVEY/DOWNLOADS/RESTRUCTURING%20HANDBOOK.PDF
Format: Print, URL
Focus Area: School/District improvement, Parent involvement
Provider: Center on Innovation and Improvement (CII)
Abstract: CII engaged leading experts on restructuring and school improvement to prepare modules for this handbook to assist states, districts, and schools in establishing policies, procedures, and support to successfully restructure schools.
Rating:
Claims of Effectiveness: Sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education, the Center on Innovation & Improvement (CII) engaged leading experts on restructuring and school improvement to prepare modules for this handbook to assist states, districts, and schools in establishing policies, procedures, and support to successfully restructure schools. The modules are based on "promising practices," which blend findings from rigorous research in other fields, research and field expertise, statistically controlled, correlational studies, and long and outstanding records of improved performance.
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Involving Parents in No Child Left Behind: Toolkit for Schools
URL: HTTP://DPI.WI.GOV/FSCP/PDF/BBNCLBBK.PDF
Format: Print, PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction
Abstract: This booklet examines major areas in which the NCLB requires schools to involve and inform parents. It offers actions steps for parent notification and involvement and suggests strategies for communities to unite in improving the education of all children.
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Parent Involvement: Meeting High Expectations with Practical Solutions Facilitator Guide
URL: HTTP://WWW.EDVANTIA.ORG/PUBLICATIONS/ARCCWEBCAST/MARCH07/WEBCAST2_F...
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Appalachia Regional Comprehensive Center (ARCC)
Abstract: This facilitator's guide was designed for the 2007 webcast, Parent Involvement: Meeting High Expectations with Practical Solutions, was developed by the Appalachia Regional Comprehensive Center (ARCC) at Edvantia in partnership with the National Center for Family Literacy (NCFL).
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Parental Involvement: Title I, Part A (Non-Regulatory Guidance)
URL: HTTP://WWW.ED.GOV/PROGRAMS/TITLEIPARTA/PARENTINVGUID.DOC
Format: Print, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: U.S. Department of Education
Abstract: This document assists SEAs, LEAs, and schools in administering the parental involvement provisions of Title I, Part A of the ESEA. It is not all-inclusive but answers questions about and clarifies aspects of the law.
Rating:
Evidence of Supporting Claims: Non-regulatory guidance on the role of parent involvement in No Child Left Behind. Contains annotated bibliography of research and research-based resources on parent involvement
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Policy Compliance and Evaluation Guidance
URL: HTTP://WWW.CDE.STATE.CO.US/FEDPROGRAMS/NCLB/DOWNLOADS/PI_COMPANDEVA...
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: Colorado Department of Education
Abstract: The State of Colorado developed this resource to guide and focus districts on the key elements of the Parent Involvement legislation that the State and districts are required to monitor and evaluate. Suggestions are provided for evaluation methods and checklists for assessment are included.
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Standards and Indicators for School Improvement (SISI)
URL: HTTP://WWW.EDUCATION.KY.GOV/NR/RDONLYRES/27096052-D957-4E71-A4E6-3B...
Format: PDF, URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement, Assessment, Accountability, School/District improvement
Provider: Kentucky Department of Education
Abstract: The SISI is an audit tool developed by the Kentucky Department of Education that states, districts, or schools in Kentucky can use to assess the school environment on nine standards and numerous indicators, and identify areas for improvement. Kentucky uses the SISI to audit low-performing schools, but the instrument is available and widely used throughout the state for school improvement purposes. A district-level instrument is also available.
Claims of Effectiveness: No claims made; no information provided on the Web site on the research base behind the standards and indicators.
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What Works in Schools Online Surveys
URL: HTTP://WWW.WHATWORKSINSCHOOLS.ORG/
Format: URL
Focus Area: School/District improvement, Parent involvement, Accountability
Provider: What Works in Schools
Abstract: The What Works in Schools Online Surveys ask participants to create a profile of how their school or district addresses the factors that influence student achievement. The surveys are based on 11 factors that have the greatest effect on student achievement, drawn from meta-analysis of 35 years of educational research by Robert Marzano. The surveys measure participants' perceptions, pointing to areas that can become the focus of school improvement efforts. Participants' survey responses are compiled into analytical reports that provide an instant snapshot of the areas that are most critical to the school's efforts to improve student achievement levels.
Rating:
Claims of Effectiveness: This online survey is based on a meta-analysis of 35 years of educational research by Robert Marzano. The survey is based on eleven factors that Marzano has found in the research that have the greatest effect on student achievement.
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Writing for a Changing World: Reaching Low Literacy Audiences with Print Material
URL: HTTP://EXTENSION.MISSOURI.EDU/PUBLICATIONS/DISPLAYPUB.ASPX?P=NCR475
Format: URL
Focus Area: Parent involvement
Provider: University of Minnesota Extension Service
Abstract: Useful guide for creating user friendly print materials for low literacy adults.
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Search the ARCC's database of technical assistance products and services using the fields below. Sources for these products and services include the Comprehensive Center Network, which offers resources from the five content centers, other federally sponsored programs, and other organizations. The Comprehensive Centers are charged with identifying links to appropriate sources of information and assistance, including the U.S. Department of Education Web site and the NCLB-related resources located there.

You will find two types of resources on the ARCC Web site: (1) general information, such as Web sites for organizations, and (2) technical assistance resources. Descriptions of all technical assistance resources must include information about providers' claims of effectiveness and the evidence supporting such claims. Technical assistance resources are rated based on the level of evidence provided to support claims of effectiveness.

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